group+012

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PRELAB:
==Our project is a ball going down a ramp into a cardboard box (embedded with tissues so that the golf ball will not bounce out of the box) that is located at the end of the ramp. Then, the box and the ball will move together, making it an inelastic collision. We collected our data in the data tables (shown below in the picture) with the momentum ("M.V.P.") charts. ==


==The equipment needed for our experiment were a golf ball, a small cardboard box, tissues-to line the box so that the golf ball wouldn't bounce out, a ramp (made out of Hot Wheels track), an angle protractor, a yard stick, and something to prop the track on.  ==

 
= = =PROCEDURE: In order to prove that momentum is conserved, our experiment involves a ball, a box, and a ramp. The ramp is set up at a 35-degree angle to the ground. At the end of the ramp, a small cardboard box is placed, the inside lined with tissues to prevent the ball from bouncing out. The ball is placed at the top of the ramp and released. It goes down the ramp and hits the box, moving it and the box (now as one) back across the floor. To collect our data, we used a few instruments. First, we used an angle measurer/protracter to make sure that the ramp was set up at the angle we needed. To find out our delta x's and y's, we used a tape measure to find the out a) how long the ramp was, b) how tall the ramp was, and c) how far the box moved at the end. Also, in order to find friction and mu of the box on the floor, we used a spring scale to pull the box. = = <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">  = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">  = <span style="color: rgb(0, 185, 255);">To find the velocity before the collision, we first found the coefficient of friction between the ball and the ramp. To do this we found the angle where the ball rolled down the ramp at a constant velocity so that we could set Fg parallel equal to Ff. The degree of this was 1, so we solved for mu by using the Ff and Fn we found and plugging them into the equation Ff=u*Fn (as shown in the picture below). <span style="color: rgb(0, 185, 255);"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 185, 255);">Next we used similar f-net equations (but with the angle of 32 degrees) to find the acceleration of the ball down the ramp. We got this to be 4.8259, and used ViVfdat to solve for the final velocity (the velocity of the ball at the end of the ramp just before it went into the box). <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> =<span style="color: rgb(0, 185, 255);"> To find the veloctiy after the collision, we used another Fnet equation- this time using the force of friction that we found by pulling the box (with ball inside) with the spring scale, which was .196N. Since this was the only force acting on the box, the fnet equation was equal to -.196. We used that to solve for acceleration, then plugged that into ViVfdat to find the initial velocity of the ball and box (the velocity of them together right after the collision). = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 185, 255);">  = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 185, 255);">  = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(226, 24, 24); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(226, 24, 24); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Is Momentum Conserved? In our experiment, our percent error may be too high to say momentum was really conserved (35%). This is probably due to measurement errors with the spring scale (which wasn't very exact) or angle measurements (which may have been off slightly). Also, we didn't account for the fact that the ball is still moving for a little bit after the ramp when it enters the box before it actually collides with the box. It probably slowed down due to the friction of rolling on the box before it actually hit the back of it and moved it. This would mean our velocity of the ball before collision is too high and would account for the disparity between the initial and final momentums. =

=<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">     = =<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> =

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==When we found coefficient of friction, we did not actually measure it out; we found it mathematically, using “parallel force of gravity” to find force of friction, and set that into the equation with normal force and coefficient of friction. How we found parallel force of gravity was by setting the ramp at an angle where the ball could roll at a constant velocity, an angle we found to be 1 degree. However, this was more an estimation than an actual fact; measuring an angle that appears to be nearly flat is incredibly difficult. Due to the fact that we did not actually measure for coefficient of friction (by pulling the box a certain distance at a constant velocity), we did not have anything to measure this against. Our faulty coefficient of friction led to incorrect speeds, which led to our high percent error.==